ROOT CANAL TREATMENT

Getting to the root of endodontic (root canal) treatments

THE GOAL: PRESERVING THE TOOTH

In the past, injured or diseased teeth fre-quently had to be removed. Today, they often can be saved through endodontic treatment. Also known as a root canal treat-ment, this procedure may be performed by a general dentist or a specialist called an endodon-tist. More than one office visit usually is required.

PULP PARTICULARS

A root canal treatment generally involves the removal and replacement of a tooth's pulp. The pulp is soft tissue containing blood vessels, nerves and connective tissue.

The pulp is found in a canal that runs through the center of the hard tissue on the inside of the tooth (the dentin).

The pulp extends from the pulp chamber in the crown down through the root canal to the tip of the root in the jawbone.

A tooth has only one pulp chamber but may have more than one root and several root canals. If pulp becomes damaged through injury or dis-ease and cannot repair itself, bacteria and their products can leak into the pulp and cause the pulp to die. If a root canal procedure is not per-formed, an abscess can form at the tip of the root and cause considerable pain. Even if there is no pain, the bone anchoring the tooth in the jaw can be damaged. Without treatment, the tooth may have to be extracted.

WHAT TO EXPECT

Here is what you can expect when you schedule a root canal treatment. On the initial visit:

Local anesthetic usually is given, to maintain patient comfort.

The affected tooth is isolated from saliva with a rubberlike sheet called a dam.

An opening is made through the crown of the tooth. The pulp is removed, and then the root is cleaned and shaped. Medication may be added to the pulp chamber and root canal(s) to help elimi-nate bacteria. d A temporary filling is placed in the crown

opening to keep saliva out. Antibi-otics may be pre-scribed if an infec-tion

is present and has spread beyond the end of the root(s).

On the next visit:

The temporary filling is removed.

The root canal is filled and per-manently sealed.(A metal or plastic rod or post may be

placed in the root canal for struc-tural support.)

If an endodon-tist performs the procedure, he or she usually will send you back to your general dentist for prepara-tion of a crown to be placed on the tooth. Crowns

are made from a variety of materials, depending on the location of the tooth, the color of the tooth and the amount of natural tooth remaining. Dis-cuss with your dentist which option is best for you.

THE REST IS UP TO YOU

The restored tooth can remain healthy as long as its roots are nourished by the surrounding tis-sues. Good oral hygiene at home and regular dental visits can help prevent tooth decay and gum disease. If you take good care of it, the restored tooth could last a lifetime. Prepared by the ADA Division of Communications, in cooperation

with The Journal of the American Dental Association. Unlike other por-tions of JADA, this page may be clipped and copied as a handout for patients, without first obtaining reprint permission from ADA Pub-lishing, a division of ADA Business Enterprises Inc.